July 27: the harsh John Proctor receives the bad news

Today in Salem: The jail keeper stops the harsh John Proctor, who’s pacing yet again in a dusty circle around the common area. The keeper grins with his eyes narrowed as he gives Proctor the letter from the governor’s clerk.

“On behalf of William & Mary by the Grace of God of England Scotland France & Ireland King & Queen defend’rs of the faith &ca”

Proctor skims until he reaches the meat of the governor’s reply.

No. No. No. The current judges will continue, the trial will stay in Salem, and the ministers will not come to bear witness. Proctor hands the letter back to the smirking jail keeper, then waits until he disappears before kicking the wall, hard.


Tomorrow in Salem: GUILTY: John and Elizabeth Proctor

July 25: the harsh John Proctor waits

Today in Salem: The abusive George Jacobs paces in the common area of the jail, where prisoners mingle during the day. Jacobs is elderly and extremely tall, so much so that he needs two canes to walk. His violent temper has always seemed to propel him forward, though.

The harsh John Proctor walks slowly next to him. Proctor’s letter to the governor has gone unanswered, and if there’s no reply by tomorrow night then he and the others are as good as dead. Even without a trial, it’s become clear that an accusation alone is enough to condemn them.

In Boston the governor hasn’t even unfolded the letter from Proctor. He has other pressing issues. Fresh recruits are heading north to fight the Indians. How will the colony pay them? How will it cover their expenses? He spends the day organizing a committee to deal with it.


Tomorrow in Salem: The harsh John Proctor receives the bad news

July 24: A letter finds its way

Today in Salem: It’s the Sabbath, and so foggy that it’s hard to see if one’s next step is a stone or a hole, a bruised foot or a twisted ankle. The congregants make their way slowly to the Meeting House, heads down and looking for the smoothest path.

In Boston it’s no better, and the Reverend Increase Mather is running late to his pulpit. So when his wife hands him a letter, he’s impatient. It’s embossed with a wax seal from the jail in Salem and can only mean problems. It’ll have to wait, he thinks, and tucks it in his Bible.


WHO was Increase Mather?

Age 53. Puritan minister & President of Harvard College. Urged the court to disregard “spectral” evidence. Case files: Increase Mather


Tomorrow in Salem: The harsh John Proctor waits

July 23: A resistance takes shape

Today in Salem: The seeds of resistance are fully rooted and beginning to grow.

In May the former deputy John Willard quit after arresting what he considered to be innocent people. In June a judge quit for the same reason. Soon after that, a group of ministers sent a letter to the judges in protest of spectral evidence.

This month grassroots protests have begun to take hold, with 11 people testifying on the neighborly Elizabeth How‘s behalf, and 39 signing a petition to the governor for the beloved Rebecca Nurse.

Now the harsh John Proctor writes a letter on behalf of his fellow prisoners to several influential ministers. Yesterday’s torture of the teenage boys (as well as Proctor’s own son) shows that confessions are being forced and accepted, even when they’re inconsistent. He and his fellow prisoners are condemned before they’ve even had their trials.

Proctor begs the ministers to attend the trials and see for themselves what’s happening. He asks them to intercede and have the trials held at the larger court in Boston, or at least replace the judges with more unbiased ones. Just as important, he begs for their prayers.


Tomorrow in Salem: A letter finds its way

July 22: 115 rays of light

Today in Salem: The quiet magistrate Jonathan Corwin is scowling and holding a parchment document close to his eyes. 115 people have signed a petition on behalf of the elderly Mary Bradbury, who will soon be tried in court.

“Shee was a lover of the ministrie in all appearance & a dilligent, attender upon gods holy ordinances … allways, readie & willing to doe for them w’t laye in her power …”

It’ll have to wait. Corwin sets the document to the side and taps it, once, with his finger, as if to nail it to the wooden table. Other documents are more pressing, and now he pulls them toward him as two teenage boys are escorted into the room. They are the sons of the outcast “queen of hell” Martha Carrier, who’s been in prison for seven weeks.

The younger boy, 16, is stuttering and stammering so badly that he can hardly be understood.

“No,” he says, over and over. “N-n-no.” He’s never signed the d-devil’s book, never tortured anyone.

His older brother, 18, speaks clearly but all in a rush, insisting that he’s innocent.

As their protests grow louder, the afflicted girls are more hysterical than ever, and when one of the girls begins to bleed from the mouth the two boys are sent to another room with the constable.

It doesn’t take long, though, before the boys return and confess to everything: consorting with the Devil, going to witch meetings, tormenting people, and more. They also accuse others of witchcraft – including their mother.

Even the afflicted girls are surprised. It’s a quick and remarkable turnabout. What changed their minds?


WHO was Mary Bradbury?

Age 77, née Perkins. Mary was an upper-class woman who was highly regarded as devoutly religious, loving to her family, and a pious and generous neighbor. her family was distinguished; her husband’s great-uncle had been the Archbishop of Canterbury under Queen Elizabeth I. Despite a petition signed by 115 supporters, Mary was tried, convicted, and sentenced to hang. With the help of her loved ones, though, she escaped from jail and lived in hiding until the Trials were over. She died eight years after the Trials, at age 85. Case files: Mary Bradbury

Mary Bradbury’s descendants include Ralph Waldo Emerson and Ray Bradbury.


Tomorrow in Salem: A resistance takes shape

July 21: SUMMARY: Paying respects

Let’s begin by saying the name of each woman who was hanged this week.

Rebecca Nurse

Sarah Good

Sarah Wilds

Elizabeth How

Susannah Martin

These were real women. A beloved grandmother. A hot-tempered beggar. An aging beauty queen. A bewildered neighbor lady. An outspoken rebel. Is there someone in your life who could be described like this?

Rebecca Nurse’s story took center stage this month, and shows what a runaway train the trials were. She was a beloved grandmother, a long-time church member, and 39 people had signed a petition on her behalf. But she was tried and found guilty because she was too hard-of-hearing to answer a question. Then she was ex-communicated by the church. The Governor gave her a reprieve, but several days later an unidentified man talked him into revoking it. And then she was hanged.

The resistance continues to gather steam. Another judge has begun to feel troubled, and twelve people have spoken up for one of the women who was hanged. These join another judge and a deputy who quit, the 39 people supporting Rebecca Nurse, and a group of Puritan ministers asking the court to slow down and be careful.

Unfortunately the Governor is distracted by a more exciting matter: He’s preparing a large expedition of soldiers to fight in Maine, and he’s decided to lead the expedition himself. Making arrangements is taking all of his time and attention, so he’s letting his second-in-command, Chief Justice William Stoughton, manage the trial. He’s powerful, opinionated, and driven to roust and destroy every witch in Massachusetts. Now more than 70 people are in prison, three people have died there, and six have been hanged.


WHO’S BEEN HANGED FOR WITCHCRAFT:


WHO’S BEEN TRIED AND SENTENCED:

(We’re between trials right now, though the local magistrates continue to hold examinations.)


WHO’S DIED IN PRISON:

  • Mercy Good – the beggar Sarah Good’s 6-month-old baby, who died on May 26, probably of malnutrition.
  • Sarah Osborne – a sickly woman who died on May 10, probably of typhus. She was one of the first to be arrested; a scandal-ridden woman who’d married her servant and was trying to take her sons’ inheritance.
  • Roger Toothaker – a fortuneteller who died on June 16 of “natural causes,” according to the coroner’s jury.

Tomorrow in Salem: 115 rays of light

July 20: Seeds of doubt take root

Today in Salem: People are catching their breath. Yesterday was a whipsaw of emotion, with cheers at the hanging of the beggar Sarah Good, loud support for that of the widows Sarah Wilds and Susannah Martin, confusion at the execution of the neighborly Elizabeth How, and bewildered grief at the death of the beloved Rebecca Nurse.

The doubt extends to one of the judges, who is also a well-regarded minister. “Are much perplexed per witchcrafts,” he writes, in a letter to his cousin. “Six persons have already been condemned and executed at Salem.”

With the Rev Cotton Mather and other ministers, he attends a fast at the home of Captain John Alden, who’s been in jail for longer than six weeks.

Who croweneth thee
With His tender compassion
And kind benignity

they sing, after a day of fasting and praying. It’s no small thing for a judge to pray at the home of an accused man, but the judge is a minister after all.


Tomorrow in Salem: SUMMARY: Paying respects

July 19: *** Sensitive Content: Death by Hanging***

Today in Salem: The Sheriff is choking on the hot dust rising around his cart as it jerks along the dirt road. Five women kneel in the cart, three of them elderly, their hands tied behind them.

With only a single horse to pull the heavy cart, it’s a slow journey to the hanging tree, where a minister waits on horseback, an unsure crowd shuffling behind him. He’ll pray, of course, but it’s also his job to urge each woman to confess and repent for her sin. It won’t change her fate. She will die. But her heart will be lighter.

The cart has hardly stopped when the deputies begin to pull the women off, one at a time, until they reach the beggar Sarah Good.

“Stay” one of them commands, and puts up his hand. The gesture isn’t lost on Sarah. She lurches forward as if to attack, but her hands are tied, and she falls back into the cart.

“Confess!” the minister says, loudly enough for those in the back of the crowd to hear. “Repent for your lies!” Sarah takes a deep breath and erupts in a rage.

“You’re the liar! Take my life, and God will give you blood to drink!” she roars, spitting and twisting away from the deputy who’s holding her back. A second deputy kneels to tie her petticoats and legs together, and the crowd cheers when he yanks the hood over her head and tightens the rope around her neck.

“May God forgive you,” the minister says. With that, the sheriff’s cart pulls away, hard, and Sarah jerks in the noose, her body emptying itself in one last insult.

The smells of waste and sweat are overwhelming, but the deputy doesn’t slow as he carries Sarah’s body to one of the graves, then turns toward the sharp-tongued Susannah Martin. She’s quieter than Sarah, but no less furious and will not, will not confess. She dies more quickly, but not without kicking, hard, then swaying, until she’s impossibly still.

The now-friendless Elizabeth How doesn’t need to be pushed or lifted into the cart. She bends and steps awkwardly into it on her own, her hands tied behind her. She looks at her husband, and for the first time is thankful that he is blind, that he will not see her die. But she’s also determined that he will not hear it, so she just shakes her head when the minister urges her to confess, looking at her wide-eyed daughter one last time as the hood is pulled over her head.

By now the people in the crowd have noticed the unmarked graves. No Christian burial for these lying witches. They turn to watch the proud Sarah Wilds as she’s pulled roughly into the cart. She, too, has seen the graves, but looks away, staring instead at her only witness, her son, who’s mouthing “Look at me. Look at me.” And so she does, even when the minister tells her to confess, even when she refuses and insists that she’s innocent, staring into her son’s eyes even as she is hooded, then hanged.

Only one more hanging is left, and the crowd grows quiet as the elderly and beloved Rebecca Nurse is lifted carefully into the cart. “Will you confess?” the minister asks. “No,” she says. “I am as innocent as the babe unborn.” Her voice trembles and she looks into the crowd, where she can see her husband, her eight children, their husbands and wives, and some of her grown grandchildren. Friends and neighbors are here, too, and others who know her from church, holding their hats in their hands. This time the deputy is gentle when he pulls the hood down, even when he tightens the noose around her neck. Rebecca’s shoulders begin to shake, but she barely kicks when she falls from the cart, and many in the crowd begin to cry.


Tonight in Salem: Two men row slowly, trying to soften the sound of the water splashing against their boat. Light from the half-moon guides them around the bend of the river to the ledge where the hanging tree cuts a silent, black silhouette.

The men slide the boat with a quiet scrape onto the riverbank. With shovels and blankets the two begin to climb, their shoes scrabbling in the loose dirt. To be seen would be to invite disaster, so they make quick business of it and carefully dig her out, wrap her in the blanket, and carry her back the way they came. She’s heavier than they expected, and it’s a precarious slide down the steep bank. But they’re determined to bring her home, to risk everything to bring the beloved Rebecca Nurse home for the Christian burial she deserves.


Tomorrow in Salem: Seeds of doubt take root

July 18: The last goodbyes

Today in Salem: The grave digger is alone with the stones and the clay, digging, pulling, and throwing dirt with his shovel, thinking about last night’s eclipse of the moon. Red, it had been. Blood red, he can’t help thinking it. But, while the red shadow had disturbed him, it was the white crescent of light at the edge, growing smaller and smaller, that he can’t stop thinking about.

Tomorrow five women – five witches, he corrects himself – will hang. But the jails are full, with so many more people still to be tried. And the magistrates are arresting more every day. Is it possible that all of them are guilty? How many more graves will he need to dig? Will this dark shadow ever pass?

In jail the now-friendless Elizabeth How touches her blind husband, who’s just paid her final jail bill. The sharp-tongued Susannah Martin, widowed years ago, paces and mutters to herself. The rebellious Sarah Wilds, also widowed, whispers with her only son. The beloved Rebecca Nurse prays with her husband, an elderly artisan. And the beggar Sarah Good huddles in a corner, alone except for her 4-year-old daughter, who tomorrow will refuse all comfort.


Tomorrow in Salem: ***Sensitive Content: Death by Hanging***